Rolled shells: blank length and plate rolling
The blank length is calculated from the neutral layer, not from the outside diameter. That single number separates a shell that closes from one that is short by a wall thickness.Read the article →
Replacing a 2M112, 2N135 or 2A135
A drilling machine converts into a modern one through four numbers — diameter, throat, spindle taper and power. On the 2N135 all four match a catalog model exactly.
Laser cleaning of metal
The beam evaporates rust, scale, paint or grease while the metal underneath stays: no abrasive, no chemicals, no cabinet — the head comes to the part.
Replacing a 16K20, 1K62, 1A616 or 1M63 lathe
The old data sheet converts into a modern model through five numbers: swing over bed and over carriage, distance between centers, spindle bore and power.